Be clear on the cautions related to practicing pranayama and best practices for teaching about the breath, including teaching to beginners.
Assessment
Why is it important to distinguish between preparatory breath practices and formal pranayama techniques?
Which practices are safe for beginners? Which are not?
What aspect of the breath cycle requires particular experience and skill to safely practice and teach?
Describe cautions to be observed during breathing and pranayama
Describe multiple perspectives from which to consider and teach the topic of breathing and pranayama.
Healthy & Restricted Breathing
Teaching Standard
Be knowledgeable about the power of the breath to affect physiology and emotions, and the causes and effects of breathing issues, including reverse/paradoxical breathing and chest breathing.
Assessment
Which systems of the body are affected by breathing?
What is unique about the breath as part of the autonomic nervous system?
Describe research that shows the two-way connection between breath and emotions.
Why might students be experiencing restrictions to their breathing?
What are some of the effects of constricted breathing patterns?
Describe six ways that breath may be inhibited.
Describe reverse breathing and the potential causes and effects of this pattern.
Describe chest breathing and the potential effects of this pattern.
What is periodic breathing?
Natural Effortless Breathing
Teaching Standard
Be proficient in the naming conventions related to natural breathing and diaphragmatic or belly breathing; characteristics and benefits of natural breathing; and ways to teach belly breathing, the three-part breath and effortless breathing.
Assessment
What other terms may be used to refer to natural breathing?
What are the characteristics of natural breathing?
What are some of the many benefits of natural breathing and simple breathing techniques?
Natural breathing is by definition effortless. So why does it need to be taught?
What are characteristics or hallmarks of natural breathing?
What are some simple ways to encourage natural, effortless breathing?
Describe Belly Breathing.
What is the Three-Part Breath?
Should your visualization instruction to students be to inhale up & exhale down, or to inhale down & exhale up?
How can you use Crocodile Pose to teach natural breathing?
Basic Breath Training
Teaching Standard
Understand the difference between unconscious and conscious breathing and techniques for guiding students in conscious breathing that slows their breathing rate and expands respiratory capacity.
Assessment
What is the most important instruction for students learning breathing fundamentals?
How does awareness of the breath affect the resting breath rate?
What is the primary objective and benefit of breath training for new students?
What breath training basics will prepare students for pranayama?
Describe a number of practices for teaching breath awareness.
Aside from breath awareness practices, what other gentle practices might you consider for breath training?
Yogic Breathing
Teaching Standard
Understand the differences between clavicular, thoracic and diaphragmatic breathing and become knowledgeable about conscious exhalation and diaphragmatic rib cage breathing.
Assessment
For what reasons might a wise teacher NOT teach some yogic breathing techniques?
Define clavicular breathing and why it’s not ideal. Explain the conditions under which it’s typically present.
Define thoracic breathing and explain its effects.
What is typically meant by the term “yogic breathing”?
What are signs of improper breathing?
Explain the benefits of a conscious exhalation.
Explain the benefits of “breathing into the back body.”
What is the yogic breathing technique for consciously exhaling? How do experts Gary Kraftsow and Mukunda Stiles explain it?
What do experts Erich Schiffmann and B.K.S. Iyengar have to say on the topic of yogic breathing?
How is the more advanced technique of diaphragmatic rib cage breathing different from ineffective chest breathing? Why might the two be confused?
Pranayama Teaching Foundations
Teaching Standard
Understand the parts of the breath cycle, what is necessary for safely teaching kumbhaka and which practices serve different energetic purposes.
Assessment
Vocabulary Mix & Match
“ANTARA KUMBHAKA”
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Breath retention
“BAHYA KUMBHAKA”
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Exhalation; specific translation is “emptying” and is the “path of cessation” (Richard Rosen)
“KUMBHAKA”
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Inhalation; specific translations include “filling,” “completing,” “fulfilling,” “satisfying,” “flood” or “stream” (Richard Rosen)
“PURAKA”
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Breath retention after exhalation
“RECHAKA”
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Breath retention after inhalation
Questions
What is the purpose of pranayama?
According to B.K.S. Iyengar, how does pranayama begin and end?
Why is patience required for safe and effective pranayama practice?
When practicing kumbhaka, what is important for safe practice?
Briefly discuss the philosophy underlying pranayama.
Describe rechaka, the exhalation.
Describe kumbhaka, breath retention.
When pairing breath with movement, what is the thinking behind which aspect of breath is chosen?
Discuss pairing breath with movement.
Discuss transcending the basic guidelines for various reasons.
Which pranayama techniques tend to have a stimulating effect?
Which pranayama practices tend to have a calming effect?
What pranayama techniques are designed to balance energy?
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